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一、环境准备
首先,我们创建测试表customers_test,基于sh示例用户下的customers表。
SQL> select banner from v$version; BANNER -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production PL/SQL Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production CORE 12.1.0.2.0 Production TNS for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production NLSRTL Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production SQL> SQL> conn sh/sh@HOEGH Connected. SQL> SQL> DROP TABLE customers_test; DROP TABLE customers_test * ERROR at line 1: ORA-00942: table or view does not exist SQL> CREATE TABLE customers_test AS SELECT * FROM customers; Table created. SQL> select count(*) from customers_test; COUNT(*) ---------- 55500 SQL>
二、收集统计信息
SQL> SQL> EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user, 'customers_test'); PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. SQL>
三、开启负载监控
另外打开一个会话,通过sys用户登录,开启负载监控。其中,SEED_COL_USAGE的第三个参数表示监控的时间,单位是秒,300表示5分钟。
SQL> show user USER is “SYS” SQL> BEGIN DBMS_STATS.SEED_COL_USAGE(null,null,300); END; / 2 3 4 PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. SQL>
四、使用explain plan for查询执行计划
SQL> SQL> EXPLAIN PLAN FOR SELECT * FROM customers_test WHERE cust_city = 'Los Angeles' AND cust_state_province = 'CA' AND country_id = 52790; 2 3 4 5 6 Explained. SQL> SQL> SELECT PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT FROM TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY('plan_table', null,'basic rows')); 2 PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Plan hash value: 2112738156 ---------------------------------------------------- | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | ---------------------------------------------------- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | | 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| CUSTOMERS_TEST | 1 | ---------------------------------------------------- 8 rows selected. SQL>
从执行计划来看,查询结果只有1列。我们暂且记下这个结果。
五、查看列使用信息
此时,我们可以通过REPORT_COL_USAGE来查看列的使用信息。
我们看到,Oracle帮我们检测到了一个有用的列组信息,包括customers_test、cust_city和cust_state_province三列。
SQL> SQL> SET LONG 100000 SQL> SET LINES 120 SQL> SET PAGES 0 SQL> SELECT DBMS_STATS.REPORT_COL_USAGE(user, 'customers_test') 2 FROM DUAL; LEGEND: ....... EQ : Used in single table EQuality predicate RANGE : Used in single table RANGE predicate LIKE : Used in single table LIKE predicate NULL : Used in single table is (not) NULL predicate EQ_JOIN : Used in EQuality JOIN predicate NONEQ_JOIN : Used in NON EQuality JOIN predicate FILTER : Used in single table FILTER predicate JOIN : Used in JOIN predicate GROUP_BY : Used in GROUP BY expression ............................................................................... ############################################################################### COLUMN USAGE REPORT FOR SH.CUSTOMERS_TEST ......................................... 1. COUNTRY_ID : EQ 2. CUST_CITY : EQ 3. CUST_STATE_PROVINCE : EQ 4. (CUST_CITY, CUST_STATE_PROVINCE, COUNTRY_ID) : FILTER ############################################################################### SQL>
六、创建扩展统计信息
检测工作完成后,我们可以通过CREATE_EXTENDED_STATS方法来创建扩展统计信息。其中,黄色标注部分就是创建对象的名称。
SQL> SQL> SELECT DBMS_STATS.CREATE_EXTENDED_STATS(user, 'customers_test') FROM DUAL; ############################################################################### EXTENSIONS FOR SH.CUSTOMERS_TEST ................................ 1. (CUST_CITY, CUST_STATE_PROVINCE, COUNTRY_ID) : SYS_STUMZ$C3AIHLPBROI#SKA58H_N created ############################################################################### SQL>
七、重新收集统计信息
SQL> SQL> EXEC DBMS_STATS.GATHER_TABLE_STATS(user,'customers_test'); PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. SQL>
八、查看USER_TAB_COL_STATISTICS,确认列统计信息
通过查询USER_TAB_COL_STATISTICS,我们可以获取到刚刚创建的列组对象,和第6步的输出结果是一致的。
SQL> SQL> COL COLUMN_NAME FOR A30 SQL> SELECT COLUMN_NAME, NUM_DISTINCT, HISTOGRAM FROM USER_TAB_COL_STATISTICS WHERE TABLE_NAME = 'CUSTOMERS_TEST' ORDER BY 1; 2 3 4 COUNTRY_ID 19 FREQUENCY CUST_CITY 620 HYBRID CUST_CITY_ID 620 NONE CUST_CREDIT_LIMIT 8 NONE CUST_EFF_FROM 1 NONE CUST_EFF_TO 0 NONE CUST_EMAIL 1699 NONE CUST_FIRST_NAME 1300 NONE CUST_GENDER 2 NONE CUST_ID 55500 NONE CUST_INCOME_LEVEL 12 NONE CUST_LAST_NAME 908 NONE CUST_MAIN_PHONE_NUMBER 51344 NONE CUST_MARITAL_STATUS 11 NONE CUST_POSTAL_CODE 623 NONE CUST_SRC_ID 0 NONE CUST_STATE_PROVINCE 145 FREQUENCY CUST_STATE_PROVINCE_ID 145 NONE CUST_STREET_ADDRESS 49900 NONE CUST_TOTAL 1 NONE CUST_TOTAL_ID 1 NONE CUST_VALID 2 NONE CUST_YEAR_OF_BIRTH 75 NONE SYS_STUMZ$C3AIHLPBROI#SKA58H_N 620 HYBRID 24 rows selected. SQL>
九、重新查询执行计划
我们看到,在第4步中查询执行计划中,Rows为1;现在呢,是867。这差距也忒大了点儿。
SQL> SQL> EXPLAIN PLAN FOR SELECT * FROM customers_test WHERE cust_city = 'Los Angeles' AND cust_state_province = 'CA' AND country_id = 52790; 2 3 4 5 6 Explained. SQL> SQL> SELECT PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT FROM TABLE(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY('plan_table', null,'basic rows')); 2 Plan hash value: 2112738156 ---------------------------------------------------- | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | ---------------------------------------------------- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 867 | | 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| CUSTOMERS_TEST | 867 | ---------------------------------------------------- 8 rows selected. SQL>
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