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1、将使用rman备份的rac的备份文件传输到异地单节点上
[oracle@ora0 ~]$ ls /data_back/racbk/
20120514_3snav1p2_1_1.bk 40nav1sh_1_1_20120514.arc 43nav1sh_1_1_20120514.arc 48nav1vu_1_1_20120514.ctl
20120514_3tnav1p2_1_1.bk 41nav1sh_1_1_20120514.arc 44nav1t7_1_1_20120514.arc
20120514_3unav1pa_1_1.bk 42nav1sh_1_1_20120514.arc 46nav1uq_1_1_20120514.spfil
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2、解决pfile
[oracle@ora0 ~]$ rman target /
RMAN> startup
startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbs/initora10g.ora'
starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrival of spfile
Oracle instance started
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of startup command at 05/14/2012 13:17:11
ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info
#############报错，不用理会############################
恢复spfile
RMAN> restore spfile from '/data_back/racbk/46nav1uq_1_1_20120514.spfil';
连入sql界面
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select status from v$instance;
STATUS
------------
STARTED
SQL> create pfile from spfile;
File created.
删除spfile 修改pfile
从RAC数据库中创建参数文件，如果RAC使用PFILE，可以直接COPY后修改。
修改的参数有： audit_file_dest, background_dump_dest, core_dump_dest,user_dump_dest, log_archive_dest_1等，
与路径有关的参数，修改为你单实例环境的对应路径。如：
background_dump_dest=/u01/oracle/ora/9.2.0/admin/DEV_dbtest/bdump
重要的： 移除cluster_database_instances，cluster_database参数，因为恢复到的是单实例环境。
移除一个UNDO_TABLESPACE设置,这里假设保留的是APPS_UNDOTBS1
#############################
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/oracle/admin/db/adump'
*.background_dump_dest='/u01/oracle/admin/db/bdump'
*.compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
*.control_files='/u01/oracle/product/10.2.0/dbs/control_01.ctl'
*.core_dump_dest='/u01/oracle/admin/db/cdump'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
*.db_name='db'
*.job_queue_processes=10
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/home/oracle/arc'
*.open_cursors=300
*.pga_aggregate_target=94371840
*.processes=150
*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'
*.sga_target=283115520
*.undo_management='AUTO'
undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
*.user_dump_dest='/u01/oracle/admin/db/udump'
################################################
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 285212672 bytes
Fixed Size 2020224 bytes
Variable Size 92277888 bytes
Database Buffers 188743680 bytes
Redo Buffers 2170880 bytes
SQL>
3、恢复控制文件，启动数据库到mount状态
RMAN> restore controlfile from '/data_back/racbk/48nav1vu_1_1_20120514.ctl';
RMAN> alter database mount;
database mounted
released channel: ORA_DISK
4、修改数据文件和日志文件路径
select 'set newname for datafile '||chr(39)||name||chr(39)||' to '||chr(39)||replace(name,'+DG0/db/datafile/','/home/oracle/data2/')||chr(39)||';' from v$datafile;
#######################
SQL> select 'set newname for datafile '||chr(39)||name||chr(39)||' to '||chr(39)||replace(name,'+DG0/db/datafile/','/home/oracle/data2/')||chr(39)||';' from v$datafile;
'SETNEWNAMEFORDATAFILE'||CHR(39)||NAME||CHR(39)||'TO'||CHR(39)||REPLACE(NAME,'+DG0/DB/DATAFILE/','/HOME/ORACLE/DATA2/')||CHR(39)||';'
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
set newname for datafile '+DG0/db/datafile/sysaux.257.780159407' to '/home/oracle/data2/sysaux.257.780159407';
set newname for datafile '+DG0/db/datafile/system.256.780159407' to '/home/oracle/data2/system.256.780159407';
set newname for datafile '+DG0/db/datafile/timelineweb01.dbf' to '/home/oracle/data2/timelineweb01.dbf';
set newname for datafile '+DG0/db/datafile/undotbs1.258.780159409' to '/home/oracle/data2/undotbs1.258.780159409';
set newname for datafile '+DG0/db/datafile/undotbs2.264.780159511' to '/home/oracle/data2/undotbs2.264.780159511';
set newname for datafile '+DG0/db/datafile/users.259.780159409' to '/home/oracle/data2/users.259.780159409';
6 rows selected.
######################
5. 恢复数据库到新的目录（我的环境是原来是RAW恢复到文件系统）
select 'alter database rename file '||chr(39)||member||chr(39)||' to '||chr(39)||replace(member,'+DG0/db/onlinelog/','/home/oracle/data2/')||chr(39)||';' from v$logfile;
SQL> select 'alter database rename file '||chr(39)||member||chr(39)||' to '||chr(39)||replace(member,'+DG0/db/onlinelog/','/home/oracle/data2/')||chr(39)||';' from v$logfile;
'ALTERDATABASERENAMEFILE'||CHR(39)||MEMBER||CHR(39)||'TO'||CHR(39)||REPLACE(MEMBER,'+DG0/DB/ONLINELOG/','/HOME/ORACLE/DATA2/')||CHR(39)||';'
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
alter database rename file '+DG0/db/onlinelog/group_2.262.780159469' to '/home/oracle/data2/group_2.262.780159469';
alter database rename file '+DG0/db/onlinelog/group_1.261.780159467' to '/home/oracle/data2/group_1.261.780159467';
alter database rename file '+DG0/db/onlinelog/group_3.265.780159539' to '/home/oracle/data2/group_3.265.780159539';
alter database rename file '+DG0/db/onlinelog/group_4.266.780159539' to '/home/oracle/data2/group_4.266.780159539';
在sql界面执行与日志文件有关的语句：
alter database rename file '+DG0/db/onlinelog/group_2.262.780159469' to '/home/oracle/data2/group_2.262.780159469';
alter database rename file '+DG0/db/onlinelog/group_1.261.780159467' to '/home/oracle/data2/group_1.261.780159467';
alter database rename file '+DG0/db/onlinelog/group_3.265.780159539' to '/home/oracle/data2/group_3.265.780159539';
alter database rename file '+DG0/db/onlinelog/group_4.266.780159539' to '/home/oracle/data2/group_4.266.780159539';
在rman界面执行如下脚本：
RMAN> catalog start with '/data_back/racbk/';
查出catalog的scn号
Rman > list backup #找出最大的scn
然后运行如下脚本
run {
set newname for datafile '+DG0/db/datafile/sysaux.257.780159407' to '/home/oracle/data2/sysaux.257.780159407';
set newname for datafile '+DG0/db/datafile/system.256.780159407' to '/home/oracle/data2/system.256.780159407';
set newname for datafile '+DG0/db/datafile/timelineweb01.dbf' to '/home/oracle/data2/timelineweb01.dbf';
set newname for datafile '+DG0/db/datafile/undotbs1.258.780159409' to '/home/oracle/data2/undotbs1.258.780159409';
set newname for datafile '+DG0/db/datafile/undotbs2.264.780159511' to '/home/oracle/data2/undotbs2.264.780159511';
set newname for datafile '+DG0/db/datafile/users.259.780159409' to '/home/oracle/data2/users.259.780159409';
set until scn 1385018;
restore database ;
switch datafile all;
recover database;
}
6，打开数据库
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
Database altered.
7、
处理临时文件：
先创建一个临时表空间temp1
SQL> create temporary tablespace temp1 tempfile '/home/oracle/data2/temp2.dbf' size 512m autoextend on next 1m maxsize unlimited;
Tablespace created.
SQL> alter database default temporary tablespace temp1;
Database altered.
删掉不用的undo表空间及文件
SQL> select tablespace_name,status from dba_data_files;
TABLESPACE_NAME STATUS
------------------------------ ---------
USERS AVAILABLE
SYSAUX AVAILABLE
UNDOTBS1 AVAILABLE
SYSTEM AVAILABLE
UNDOTBS2 AVAILABLE
TIMELINEWEB AVAILABLE
6 rows selected.
SQL> show parameter undo
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
undo_management string AUTO
undo_retention integer 900
undo_tablespace string UNDOTBS1
SQL> drop tablespace undotbs2 including contents and datafiles;
Tablespace dropped.
SQL>
删除通过RMAN回复过来的临时文件。完成临时文件的整个处理过程。
SQL> drop tablespace temp including contents and datafiles;
Tablespace dropped.
删除不用的日志
select thread#,status,enabled from v$thread; --查找thread，那个可以删除
SQL> select thread#,status,enabled from v$thread;
THREAD# STATUS ENABLED
---------- ------ --------
1 OPEN PUBLIC
2 CLOSED PUBLIC
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ---------
1 1 0 52428800 1 YES UNUSED 0
2 1 1 52428800 1 NO CURRENT 1385019 14-MAY-12
3 2 0 52428800 1 YES UNUSED 0
4 2 1 52428800 1 NO CURRENT 1385019 14-MAY-12
SQL> select * from v$logfile;
GROUP# STATUS TYPE MEMBER IS_
---------- ------- ------- --------------------------------------------- ---
2 ONLINE /home/oracle/data2/group_2.262.780159469 NO
1 ONLINE /home/oracle/data2/group_1.261.780159467 NO
3 ONLINE /home/oracle/data2/group_3.265.780159539 NO
4 ONLINE /home/oracle/data2/group_4.266.780159539 NO
SQL> ALTER DATABASE DISABLE THREAD 2;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 3
2 ;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 4;
alter database drop logfile group 4
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00350: log 4 of instance db2 (thread 2) needs to be archived
ORA-00312: online log 4 thread 2: '/home/oracle/data2/group_4.266.780159539'
SQL> alter database clear unarchived logfile group 4;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database drop logfile group 4;
Database altered.
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ---------
1 1 0 52428800 1 YES UNUSED 0
2 1 1 52428800 1 NO CURRENT 1385019 14-MAY-12
SQL> select * from v$logfile;
GROUP# STATUS TYPE MEMBER IS_
---------- ------- ------- --------------------------------------------- ---
2 ONLINE /home/oracle/data2/group_2.262.780159469 NO
1 ONLINE /home/oracle/data2/group_1.261.780159467 NO
SQL>