一:前言GlusterFS是Scale-Out存储解决方案Gluster的核心,它是一个开源的分布式文件系统,具有强大的横向扩展能力,通过扩展能够支持数PB存储容量和处理数千客户端。GlusterFS借助TCP/IP或InfiniBand RDMA网络将物理分布的存储资源聚集在一起,使用单一全局命名空间来管理数据。GlusterFS基于可堆叠的用户空间设计,可为各种不同的数据负载提供优异的性能。
服务器:
10.116.137.196 k8s_master
10.116.82.28 k8s_node1
10.116.36.57 k8s_node2
二:安装glusterfs我们直接在物理机上使用yum安装,在三台服务器上分别执行以下安装命令。
1.先安装 gluster 源yum install centos-release-gluster -y
2.安装 glusterfs 组件yum install -y glusterfs glusterfs-server glusterfs-fuse glusterfs-rdma glusterfs-geo-replication glusterfs-devel
3.创建 glusterfs 目录mkdir /mnt/glusterd
4.修改 glusterd 目录 点击(此处)折叠或打开
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volume management
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type mgmt/glusterd
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option working-directory /mnt/glusterd
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option transport-type socket,rdma
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option transport.socket.keepalive-time 10
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option transport.socket.keepalive-interval 2
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option transport.socket.read-fail-log off
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option ping-timeout 0
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option event-threads 1
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#option lock-timer 180
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#option transport.address-family inet6
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#option base-port 49152
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end-volume
5.启动glusterfssystemctl enable glusterd.service
systemctl start glusterd.service
systemctl status glusterd.service
三:配置 glusterfs1.开放端口iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 24007 -j ACCEPT
2.创建存储目录mkdir /opt/gfs_data
3.添加节点到集群在10.116.137.196上执行以下操作:
gluster peer probe 10.116.82.28
gluster peer probe 10.116.36.57
4.查看集群状态gluster peer status
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Number of Peers: 2
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Hostname: 10.116.82.28
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Uuid: f73138ca-e32e-4d87-a99d-cf842fc29447
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State: Peer in Cluster(Connected)
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Hostname: 10.116.36.57
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Uuid: 18e22d2c-049b-4b0c-8cc7-2560319e6c05
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State: Peer in Cluster(Connected)
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[root@iZwz95trb3stk6afg8oozuZ kubernetes]#clear
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[root@iZwz95trb3stk6afg8oozuZ kubernetes]# glustervolume create k8s-volume transport tcp 10.116.137.196:/mnt/gfs_data 10.116.82.28:/mnt/gfs_data 10.116.36.57:/mnt/gfs_data force
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volume create: k8s-volume: success: please start thevolume to access data
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[root@iZwz95trb3stk6afg8oozuZ kubernetes]# glustervolume info
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Volume Name: k8s-volume
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Type: Distribute
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Volume ID: 62900029-02c9-4870-951c-38fafd5f5d9b
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Status: Created
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Snapshot Count: 0
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Number of Bricks: 3
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Transport-type: tcp
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Bricks:
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Brick1: 10.116.137.196:/mnt/gfs_data
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Brick2: 10.116.82.28:/mnt/gfs_data
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Brick3: 10.116.36.57:/mnt/gfs_data
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Options Reconfigured:
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transport.address-family: inet
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nfs.disable: on
四:配置 volume1.volume的模式a.分布卷(默认模式):即DHT, 也叫 分布卷: 将文件已hash算法随机分布到 一台服务器节点中存储。
b.复制模式:即AFR, 创建volume 时带 replica x 数量: 将文件复制到 replica x 个节点中。
c.条带模式:即Striped, 创建volume 时带 stripe x 数量: 将文件切割成数据块,分别存储到 stripe x 个节点中 ( 类似raid 0 )。
d.分布式条带模式:最少需要4台服务器才能创建。 创建volume 时 stripe 2 server = 4 个节点: 是DHT 与 Striped 的组合型。
e.分布式复制模式:最少需要4台服务器才能创建。 创建volume 时 replica 2 server = 4 个节点:是DHT 与 AFR 的组合型。
f.条带复制卷模式:最少需要4台服务器才能创建。 创建volume 时 stripe 2 replica 2 server = 4 个节点: 是 Striped 与 AFR 的组合型。
g.三种模式混合: 至少需要8台 服务器才能创建。 stripe 2 replica 2 , 每4个节点 组成一个 组。
2.创建分布卷gluster volume create k8s-volume transport tcp 10.116.137.196:/mnt/gfs_data 10.116.82.28:/mnt/gfs_data 10.116.36.57:/mnt/gfs_data force
3.查看volume状态gluster volume info
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Volume Name: k8s-volume
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Type: Distribute
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Volume ID: 62900029-02c9-4870-951c-38fafd5f5d9b
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Status: Created
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Snapshot Count: 0
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Number of Bricks: 3
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Transport-type: tcp
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Bricks:
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Brick1: 10.116.137.196:/mnt/gfs_data
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Brick2: 10.116.82.28:/mnt/gfs_data
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Brick3: 10.116.36.57:/mnt/gfs_data
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Options Reconfigured:
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transport.address-family: inet
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nfs.disable: on
4.启动分布卷gluster volume start k8s-volume
五:Glusterfs调优1.开启指定volume的配额gluster volume quota k8s-volume enable
2.限制指定volume的配额gluster volume quota k8s-volume limit-usage / 5GB
3.设置cache大小, 默认32MBgluster volume set k8s-volume performance.cache-size 64MB
4.设置io线程, 太大会导致进程崩溃gluster volume set k8s-volume performance.io-thread-count 16
5.设置网络检测时间, 默认42sgluster volume set k8s-volume network.ping-timeout 10
6.设置写缓冲区的大小, 默认1Mgluster volume set k8s-volume performance.write-behind-window-size 512MB
六:Kubernetes中配置glusterfs1.配置 endpoints(glusterfs-endpoints.json)
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{
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"kind": "Endpoints",
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"apiVersion": "v1",
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"metadata": {
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"name": "glusterfs-cluster"
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},
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"subsets": [
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{
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"addresses": [
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{
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"ip": "10.116.137.196"
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}
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],
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"ports": [
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{
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"port": 1990
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}
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]
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}
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]
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}
kubectl apply -f glusterfs-endpoints.json
2.配置 service(glusterfs-service.json)
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{
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"kind": "Service",
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"apiVersion": "v1",
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"metadata": {
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"name": "glusterfs-cluster"
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},
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"spec": {
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"ports": [
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{"port": 1990}
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]
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}
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}
kubectl apply -f glusterfs-service.json
3.创建测试 pod
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{
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"apiVersion": "v1",
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"kind": "Pod",
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"metadata": {
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"name": "glusterfs"
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},
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"spec": {
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"containers": [
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{
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"name": "glusterfs",
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"image": "registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google-containers/pause-amd64:3.0",
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"volumeMounts": [
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{
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"mountPath": "/mnt/glusterfs",
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"name": "glusterfsvol"
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}
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]
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}
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],
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"volumes": [
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{
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"name": "glusterfsvol",
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"glusterfs": {
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"endpoints": "glusterfs-cluster",
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"path": "k8s-volume",
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"readOnly": true
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}
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}
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]
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}
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}
kubectl apply -f glusterfs-pod.json 在Pod所在的Node节点上执行 df -h 可以查看k8s-volume挂载目录
4.配置PersistentVolume(glusterfs-pv.yaml)
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apiVersion: v1
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kind: PersistentVolume
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metadata:
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name: gluster-dev-volume
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spec:
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capacity:
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storage: 1Gi
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accessModes:
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- ReadWriteMany
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glusterfs:
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endpoints: "glusterfs-cluster"
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path: "k8s-volume"
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readOnly: false
kubectl apply -f glusterfs-pv.yaml
5.配置PVC(glusterfs-pvc.yaml)
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kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
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apiVersion: v1
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metadata:
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name: glusterfs-nginx
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spec:
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accessModes:
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- ReadWriteMany
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resources:
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requests:
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storage: 1Gi
kubectl apply -f glusterfs-pvc.yaml
6.创建nginx deployment 挂载 volume(nginx-deployment.yaml)
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apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
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kind: Deployment
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metadata:
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name: nginx-dm
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spec:
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replicas: 2
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template:
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metadata:
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labels:
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name: nginx
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spec:
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containers:
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- name: nginx
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image: nginx:latest
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imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
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ports:
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- containerPort: 80
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volumeMounts:
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- name: gluster-dev-volume
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mountPath: "/usr/share/nginx/html"
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volumes:
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- name: gluster-dev-volume
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persistentVolumeClaim:
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claimName: glusterfs-nginx
kubectl apply -f nginx-deployment.yaml
a.查看 deployment
kubectl get pods |grep nginx-dm
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nginx-dm-64dcbb8d55-pp9vn 1/1 Running 0 1h
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nginx-dm-64dcbb8d55-sclj6 1/1 Running 0 1h
b.查看挂载
kubectl exec -it nginx-dm-64dcbb8d55-pp9vn -- df -h
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FilesystemSize Used Avail Use% Mounted on
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overlay 40G 23G 16G 60% /
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tmpfs 3.7G 0 3.7G 0% /dev
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tmpfs 3.7G 0 3.7G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
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/dev/xvda1 40G 23G 16G 60% /etc/hosts
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shm 64M 0 64M 0% /dev/shm
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10.116.137.196:k8s-volume 5.0G 0 5.0G 0% /usr/share/nginx/html
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tmpfs 3.7G 12K 3.7G 1% /run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount
c.创建文件测试
kubectl exec -it nginx-dm-64dcbb8d55-pp9vn -- touch /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
kubectl exec -it nginx-dm-64dcbb8d55-sclj6 -- ls -lt /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
d.验证 glusterfs
因为我们使用分布卷,所以可以看到某个节点中有文件
ls /mnt/gfs_data/
index.html
当前题目:kubernetes实践之二十六:GlusterFS
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