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本篇内容介绍了“hadoop2.7.3+HA+YARN+zookeeper高可用集群如何部署”的有关知识，在实际案例的操作过程中，不少人都会遇到这样的困境，接下来就让小编带领大家学习一下如何处理这些情况吧！希望大家仔细阅读，能够学有所成！
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| JDK | 1.8.0_111-b14 |
| hadoop | hadoop-2.7.3 |
| zookeeper | zookeeper-3.5.2 |
JDK的安装和集群的依赖环境配置不再叙述
hadoop配置主要涉及hdfs-site.xml，core-site.xml，mapred-site.xml，yarn-site.xml四个文件。以下详细介绍每个文件的配置。
fs.defaultFS hdfs://cluster1 HDFS namenode的逻辑名称，也就是namenode HA,此值要对应hdfs-site.xml里的dfs.nameservices hadoop.tmp.dir /usr/hadoop/tmp hdfs中namenode和datanode的数据默认放置路径，也可以在hdfs-site.xml中分别指定 ha.zookeeper.quorum master:2181,salve1:2181,salve2:2181 zookeeper集群的地址和端口，zookeeper集群的节点数必须为奇数
dfs.name.dir /usr/hadoop/hdfs/name namenode的数据放置目录 dfs.data.dir /usr/hadoop/hdfs/data datanode的数据放置目录 dfs.replication 4 数据块的备份数，默认是3 dfs.nameservices cluster1 HDFS namenode的逻辑名称，也就是namenode HA dfs.ha.namenodes.cluster1 ns1,ns2 nameservices对应的namenode逻辑名 dfs.namenode.rpc-address.cluster1.ns1 master:9000 指定namenode(ns1)的rpc地址和端口 dfs.namenode.http-address.cluster1.ns1 master:50070 指定namenode(ns1)的web地址和端口 dfs.namenode.rpc-address.cluster1.ns2 salve1:9000 指定namenode(ns2)的rpc地址和端口 dfs.namenode.http-address.cluster1.ns2 salve1:50070 指定namenode(ns2)的web地址和端口 dfs.namenode.shared.edits.dir qjournal://master:8485;salve1:8485;salve2:8485/cluster1 这是NameNode读写JNs组的uri，active NN 将 edit log 写入这些JournalNode，而 standby NameNode 读取这些 edit log，并作用在内存中的目录树中 dfs.journalnode.edits.dir /usr/hadoop/journal ournalNode 所在节点上的一个目录，用于存放 editlog 和其他状态信息。 dfs.ha.automatic-failover.enabled true 启动自动failover。自动failover依赖于zookeeper集群和ZKFailoverController（ZKFC），后者是一个zookeeper客户端，用来监控NN的状态信息。每个运行NN的节点必须要运行一个zkfc dfs.client.failover.proxy.provider.cluster1 org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.ha.ConfiguredFailoverProxyProvider 配置HDFS客户端连接到Active NameNode的一个java类 dfs.ha.fencing.methods sshfence 解决HA集群脑裂问题（即出现两个 master 同时对外提供服务，导致系统处于不一致状态）。在 HDFS HA中，JournalNode 只允许一个 NameNode 写数据，不会出现两个 active NameNode 的问题， 但是，当主备切换时，之前的 active NameNode 可能仍在处理客户端的 RPC 请求，为此，需要增加隔离机制（fencing）将之前的 active NameNode 杀死。常用的fence方法是sshfence，要指定ssh通讯使用的密钥dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.private-key-files和连接超时时间 dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.private-key-files /home/hadoop/.ssh/id_rsa ssh通讯使用的密钥 dfs.ha.fencing.ssh.connect-timeout 30000 连接超时时间
mapreduce.framework.name yarn 指定运行mapreduce的环境是yarn，与hadoop1截然不同的地方 mapreduce.jobhistory.address master:10020 MR JobHistory Server管理的日志的存放位置 mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address master:19888 查看历史服务器已经运行完的Mapreduce作业记录的web地址，需要启动该服务才行 mapreduce.jobhistory.done-dir /data/hadoop/done MR JobHistory Server管理的日志的存放位置,默认:/mr-history/done mapreduce.jobhistory.intermediate-done-dir hdfs://mycluster-pha/mapred/tmp MapReduce作业产生的日志存放位置，默认值:/mr-history/tmp
yarn.nodemanager.aux-services mapreduce_shuffle 默认 yarn.nodemanager.auxservices.mapreduce.shuffle.class org.apache.hadoop.mapred.ShuffleHandler yarn.resourcemanager.address master:8032 yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address master:8030 yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address master:8031 yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address master:8033 yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address master:8088 yarn.nodemanager.resource.memory-mb 1024 该值配置小于1024时，NM是无法启动的！会报错： NodeManager from slavenode2 doesn't satisfy minimum allocations, Sending SHUTDOWN signal to the NodeManager.
zookeeper的配置主要是zoo.cfg和myid两个文件
cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg
dataDir：数据的放置路径 dataLogDir：log的放置路径
initLimit=10 syncLimit=5 clientPort=2181 tickTime=2000 dataDir=/usr/zookeeper/tmp/data dataLogDir=/usr/zookeeper/tmp/log server.1=master:2888:3888 server.2=slave1:2888:3888 server.3=slave2:2888:3888
vi myid
master节点编辑：1
slave1节点编辑：2
slave2节点编辑：3
如下：
[hadoop@master data]$ vi myid 1
bin/zkServer.sh start
[hadoop@master hadoop-2.7.3]$ zkServer.sh status ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-3.5.2-alpha/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Client port found: 2181. Client address: localhost. Mode: follower
[hadoop@slave1 root]$ zkServer.sh status ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-3.5.2-alpha/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Client port found: 2181. Client address: localhost. Mode: leader
[hadoop@slave2 root]$ zkServer.sh status ZooKeeper JMX enabled by default Using config: /usr/local/zookeeper-3.5.2-alpha/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg Client port found: 2181. Client address: localhost. Mode: follower
[hadoop@slave1 root]$ zkCli.sh Connecting to localhost:2181 2016-12-18 02:05:03,115 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@109] - Client environment:zookeeper.version=3.5.2-alpha-1750793, built on 06/30/2016 13:15 GMT 2016-12-18 02:05:03,118 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@109] - Client environment:host.name=salve1 2016-12-18 02:05:03,118 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@109] - Client environment:java.version=1.8.0_111 2016-12-18 02:05:03,120 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@109] - Client environment:java.vendor=Oracle Corporation 2016-12-18 02:05:03,120 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@109] - Client environment:java.home=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_111/jre 2016-12-18 02:05:03,120 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@109] - Client environment:java.class.path=/usr/local/zookeeper-3.5.2-alpha/bin/../build/classes:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.5.2-alpha/bin/../build/lib/*.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.5.2-alpha/bin/../lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.5.2-alpha/bin/../lib/slf4j-api-1.7.5.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.5.2-alpha/bin/../lib/servlet-api-2.5-20081211.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.5.2-alpha/bin/../lib/netty-3.10.5.Final.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.5.2-alpha/bin/../lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.5.2-alpha/bin/../lib/jline-2.11.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.5.2-alpha/bin/../lib/jetty-util-6.1.26.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.5.2-alpha/bin/../lib/jetty-6.1.26.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.5.2-alpha/bin/../lib/javacc.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.5.2-alpha/bin/../lib/jackson-mapper-asl-1.9.11.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.5.2-alpha/bin/../lib/jackson-core-asl-1.9.11.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.5.2-alpha/bin/../lib/commons-cli-1.2.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.5.2-alpha/bin/../zookeeper-3.5.2-alpha.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.5.2-alpha/bin/../src/java/lib/*.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.5.2-alpha/bin/../conf:.:/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_111/lib/dt.jar:/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_111/lib/tools.jar:/usr/local/zookeeper-3.5.2-alpha/bin:/usr/local/hadoop-2.7.3/bin 2016-12-18 02:05:03,120 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@109] - Client environment:java.library.path=/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib 2016-12-18 02:05:03,121 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@109] - Client environment:java.io.tmpdir=/tmp 2016-12-18 02:05:03,121 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@109] - Client environment:java.compiler=2016-12-18 02:05:03,121 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@109] - Client environment:os.name=Linux 2016-12-18 02:05:03,121 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@109] - Client environment:os.arch=amd64 2016-12-18 02:05:03,121 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@109] - Client environment:os.version=3.10.0-327.22.2.el7.x86_64 2016-12-18 02:05:03,121 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@109] - Client environment:user.name=hadoop 2016-12-18 02:05:03,121 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@109] - Client environment:user.home=/home/hadoop 2016-12-18 02:05:03,121 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@109] - Client environment:user.dir=/tmp/hsperfdata_hadoop 2016-12-18 02:05:03,121 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@109] - Client environment:os.memory.free=52MB 2016-12-18 02:05:03,123 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@109] - Client environment:os.memory.max=228MB 2016-12-18 02:05:03,123 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@109] - Client environment:os.memory.total=57MB 2016-12-18 02:05:03,146 [myid:] - INFO [main:ZooKeeper@855] - Initiating client connection, connectString=localhost:2181 sessionTimeout=30000 watcher=org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeperMain$MyWatcher@593634ad Welcome to ZooKeeper! 2016-12-18 02:05:03,171 [myid:localhost:2181] - INFO [main-SendThread(localhost:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@1113] - Opening socket connection to server localhost/127.0.0.1:2181. Will not attempt to authenticate using SASL (unknown error) JLine support is enabled 2016-12-18 02:05:03,243 [myid:localhost:2181] - INFO [main-SendThread(localhost:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@948] - Socket connection established, initiating session, client: /127.0.0.1:56184, server: localhost/127.0.0.1:2181 2016-12-18 02:05:03,252 [myid:localhost:2181] - INFO [main-SendThread(localhost:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@1381] - Session establishment complete on server localhost/127.0.0.1:2181, sessionid = 0x200220f5fe30060, negotiated timeout = 30000 WATCHER:: WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:null [zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0]
1.1在三个节点上启动Journalnode deamons，然后jps，出现JournalNode进程。
sbin/./hadoop-daemon.sh start journalnode
jps JournalNode
1.2格式化master上的namenode（任意一个），然后启动该节点的namenode。
bin/hdfs namenode -format
sbin/hadoop-daemon.sh start namenode
1.3在另一个namenode节点slave1上同步master上的元数据信息
bin/hdfs namenode -bootstrapStandby
1.4停止hdfs上的所有服务
sbin/stop-dfs.sh
1.5初始化zkfc
bin/hdfs zkfc -formatZK
1.6启动hdfs
sbin/start-dfs.sh
1.7启动yarn
sbin/start-yarn.sh
2.1直接启动hdfs和yarn即可，namenode、datanode、journalnode、DFSZKFailoverController都会自动启动。
sbin/start-dfs.sh
2.2启动yarn
sbin/start-yarn.sh
[hadoop@master hadoop-2.7.3]$ jps 26544 QuorumPeerMain 25509 JournalNode 25704 DFSZKFailoverController 26360 Jps 25306 DataNode 25195 NameNode 25886 ResourceManager 25999 NodeManager
[hadoop@slave1 root]$ jps 2289 DFSZKFailoverController 9400 QuorumPeerMain 2601 Jps 2060 DataNode 2413 NodeManager 2159 JournalNode 1983 NameNode
[hadoop@slave2 root]$ jps 11984 DataNode 12370 Jps 2514 QuorumPeerMain 12083 JournalNode 12188 NodeManager
“hadoop2.7.3+HA+YARN+zookeeper高可用集群如何部署”的内容就介绍到这里了，感谢大家的阅读。如果想了解更多行业相关的知识可以关注创新互联网站，小编将为大家输出更多高质量的实用文章！