def has_perm(self, perm, obj=None):    """    Return True if the user has the specified permission. Query all    available auth backends, but return immediately if any backend returns    True. Thus, a user who has permission from a single auth backend is    assumed to have permission in general. If an object is provided, check    permissions for that object.    """    # Active superusers have all permissions.    if self.is_active and self.is_superuser:        return True
    # Otherwise we need to check the backends.    return _user_has_perm(self, perm, obj)

default_permissions = ('view', 'add', 'change', 'delete', 'export')

idcops.view_ModelName == 查看权限idcops.add_ModelName  == 新建权限idcops.change_ModelName  == 修改权限idcops.delete_ModelName  == 删除权限idcops.export_ModelName  == 导出到Excel表权限

user.has_perm('idcops.add_online')# 判断用户是否有新建(Online)在线设备的权限

def construct_menus(user):    model_names = []    for app in apps.get_app_config('idcops').get_models():        opts = app._meta        if has_permission(opts, user, 'view') and \                not getattr(opts, 'hidden', False):            icon_color = 'text-' + opts.icon_color if opts.icon_color else ''            meta = {                'model_name': opts.model_name,                'verbose_name': opts.verbose_name,                'icon': opts.icon,                'icon_color': icon_color,                'level': opts.level,                'group': opts.group            }            model_names.append(meta)    counts = list(set([i.get('level') for i in model_names]))    new_menus = []    for i in counts:        new_menus.append(            [c for c in model_names if c.get('level') == i]        )    return new_menus

[  [{    'model_name': 'online', 'verbose_name': '在线设备',    'icon': 'fa fa-server', 'icon_color': 'text-green',    'level': 0, 'group': '设备管理'  },],]

            {%for menu in menus%}        {%for m in menu%}                                                    {{m.verbose_name}}