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1.验证备份是否可以被成功还原，完全还原确定需应用哪些备份集和归档日志。
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RMAN> restore database preview; Starting restore at 07-OCT-15 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=202 device type=DISK allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2 channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=138 device type=DISK List of Backup Sets =================== BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ --------------- 57 Incr 0 363.33M DISK 00:01:26 05-OCT-15 List of Datafiles in backup set 57 File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ---- 1 0 Incr 3687271 05-OCT-15 +DATA/phub/datafile/system.271.891340857 2 0 Incr 3687271 05-OCT-15 +DATA/phub/datafile/sysaux.272.891340857 4 0 Incr 3687271 05-OCT-15 +DATA/phub/datafile/users.269.891340843 7 0 Incr 3687271 05-OCT-15 +DATA/phub/datafile/idx01.dbf Backup Set Copy #1 of backup set 57 Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time Compressed Tag ----------- ------------ --------------- ---------- --- DISK 00:01:26 05-OCT-15 YES DB0 List of Backup Pieces for backup set 57 Copy #1 BP Key Pc# Status Piece Name ------- --- ----------- ---------- 64 1 AVAILABLE /home/oracle/backup/data_51qiv187_1_1.bak 65 2 AVAILABLE /home/oracle/backup/data_51qiv187_2_1.bak 66 3 AVAILABLE /home/oracle/backup/data_51qiv187_3_1.bak 67 4 AVAILABLE /home/oracle/backup/data_51qiv187_4_1.bak BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time ------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ --------------- 55 Incr 0 215.65M DISK 00:01:06 05-OCT-15 List of Datafiles in backup set 55 File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ---- 3 0 Incr 3687269 05-OCT-15 +DATA/phub/datafile/undotbs1.260.891340857 5 0 Incr 3687269 05-OCT-15 +DATA/phub/datafile/example.287.891340843 6 0 Incr 3687269 05-OCT-15 +DATA/phub/datafile/llc01.dbf Backup Set Copy #1 of backup set 55 Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time Compressed Tag ----------- ------------ --------------- ---------- --- DISK 00:01:06 05-OCT-15 YES DB0 List of Backup Pieces for backup set 55 Copy #1 BP Key Pc# Status Piece Name ------- --- ----------- ---------- 60 1 AVAILABLE /home/oracle/backup/data_50qiv187_1_1.bak 61 2 AVAILABLE /home/oracle/backup/data_50qiv187_2_1.bak 62 3 AVAILABLE /home/oracle/backup/data_50qiv187_3_1.bak using channel ORA_DISK_1 using channel ORA_DISK_2 List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name PHUB ===================================================================== Key Thrd Seq S Low Time ------- ---- ------- - --------- 552 1 276 A 05-OCT-15 Name: +DATA/phub/archivelog/2015_10_05/thread_1_seq_276.374.892332021 554 1 277 A 05-OCT-15 Name: +DATA/phub/archivelog/2015_10_06/thread_1_seq_277.372.892352657 556 1 278 A 06-OCT-15 Name: +DATA/phub/archivelog/2015_10_06/thread_1_seq_278.370.892370685 557 1 279 A 06-OCT-15 Name: +DATA/phub/archivelog/2015_10_06/thread_1_seq_279.368.892385187 559 1 280 A 06-OCT-15 Name: +DATA/phub/archivelog/2015_10_06/thread_1_seq_280.365.892385193 562 1 281 A 06-OCT-15 Name: +DATA/phub/archivelog/2015_10_06/thread_1_seq_281.285.892411985 564 1 282 A 06-OCT-15 Name: +DATA/phub/archivelog/2015_10_07/thread_1_seq_282.290.892428501 566 1 283 A 07-OCT-15 Name: +DATA/phub/archivelog/2015_10_07/thread_1_seq_283.300.892458049 Media recovery start SCN is 3687269 Recovery must be done beyond SCN 3687271 to clear datafile fuzziness Finished restore at 07-OCT-15
2.检查用于恢复数据库的的最新备份集，以确认备份是否完整，检查恢复所需要的数据文件副本和归档日志备份集。
RMAN> restore database validate; Starting restore at 07-OCT-15 using channel ORA_DISK_1 using channel ORA_DISK_2 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting validation of datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_2: starting validation of datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/backup/data_50qiv187_1_1.bak channel ORA_DISK_2: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/backup/data_51qiv187_1_1.bak channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/data_50qiv187_1_1.bak tag=DB0 channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/backup/data_50qiv187_2_1.bak channel ORA_DISK_2: piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/data_51qiv187_1_1.bak tag=DB0 channel ORA_DISK_2: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_DISK_2: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/backup/data_51qiv187_2_1.bak channel ORA_DISK_2: piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/data_51qiv187_2_1.bak tag=DB0 channel ORA_DISK_2: restored backup piece 2 channel ORA_DISK_2: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/backup/data_51qiv187_3_1.bak channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/data_50qiv187_2_1.bak tag=DB0 channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 2 channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/backup/data_50qiv187_3_1.bak channel ORA_DISK_2: piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/data_51qiv187_3_1.bak tag=DB0 channel ORA_DISK_2: restored backup piece 3 channel ORA_DISK_2: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/backup/data_51qiv187_4_1.bak channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/data_50qiv187_3_1.bak tag=DB0 channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 3 channel ORA_DISK_1: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:01:03 channel ORA_DISK_2: piece handle=/home/oracle/backup/data_51qiv187_4_1.bak tag=DB0 channel ORA_DISK_2: restored backup piece 4 channel ORA_DISK_2: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:01:12 Finished restore at 07-OCT-15
3.校验数据文件的是否存在坏块：
RMAN> backup check logical validate database; Starting backup at 07-OCT-15 using channel ORA_DISK_1 using channel ORA_DISK_2 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00006 name=+DATA/phub/datafile/llc01.dbf input datafile file number=00005 name=+DATA/phub/datafile/example.287.891340843 input datafile file number=00003 name=+DATA/phub/datafile/undotbs1.260.891340857 channel ORA_DISK_2: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00007 name=+DATA/phub/datafile/idx01.dbf input datafile file number=00002 name=+DATA/phub/datafile/sysaux.272.891340857 input datafile file number=00001 name=+DATA/phub/datafile/system.271.891340857 input datafile file number=00004 name=+DATA/phub/datafile/users.269.891340843 channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55 List of Datafiles ================= File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN ---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ---------- 1 OK 0 14660 98639 3880208 File Name: +DATA/phub/datafile/system.271.891340857 Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed ---------- -------------- ---------------- Data 0 65879 Index 0 13480 Other 0 4541 File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN ---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ---------- 2 OK 0 23933 120381 3880206 File Name: +DATA/phub/datafile/sysaux.272.891340857 Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed ---------- -------------- ---------------- Data 0 35531 Index 0 30258 Other 0 30598 File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN ---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ---------- 4 OK 0 4478 87390 3006034 File Name: +DATA/phub/datafile/users.269.891340843 Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed ---------- -------------- ---------------- Data 0 81242 Index 0 730 Other 0 910 File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN ---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ---------- 7 OK 0 98073 131072 3010614 File Name: +DATA/phub/datafile/idx01.dbf Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed ---------- -------------- ---------------- Data 0 0 Index 0 32360 Other 0 639 channel ORA_DISK_2: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set including current control file in backup set channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 List of Control File and SPFILE =============================== File Type Status Blocks Failing Blocks Examined ------------ ------ -------------- --------------- Control File OK 0 646 channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:59 List of Datafiles ================= File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN ---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ---------- 3 OK 0 1 18560 3880208 File Name: +DATA/phub/datafile/undotbs1.260.891340857 Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed ---------- -------------- ---------------- Data 0 0 Index 0 0 Other 0 18559 File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN ---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ---------- 5 OK 2192 31371 44325 3819558 File Name: +DATA/phub/datafile/example.287.891340843 Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed ---------- -------------- ---------------- Data 0 4394 Index 0 1149 Other 0 7406 File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN ---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ---------- 6 OK 0 166327 393216 3015852 File Name: +DATA/phub/datafile/llc01.dbf Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed ---------- -------------- ---------------- Data 0 192240 Index 0 32080 Other 0 2569 Finished backup at 07-OCT-15
4.校验单个数据文件：
RMAN> backup check logical validate datafile 1; Starting backup at 07-OCT-15 using channel ORA_DISK_1 using channel ORA_DISK_2 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00001 name=+DATA/phub/datafile/system.271.891340857 channel ORA_DISK_2: starting full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set including current control file in backup set channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 List of Control File and SPFILE =============================== File Type Status Blocks Failing Blocks Examined ------------ ------ -------------- --------------- Control File OK 0 646 channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07 List of Datafiles ================= File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN ---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ---------- 1 OK 0 14660 98639 3880343 File Name: +DATA/phub/datafile/system.271.891340857 Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed ---------- -------------- ---------------- Data 0 65879 Index 0 13480 Other 0 4541 Finished backup at 07-OCT-15
5.备份进度查询：
select case when opname like '%aggregate%' then 'total' else opname end opname, trunc(sofar * 100 / totalwork, 2) || '%' progress, units from v$session_longops where opname like 'RMAN%' and totalwork > sofar;
OPNAME PROGRESS UNITS ------------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------- -------------------------------- RMAN: incremental datafile backup 62.28% Blocks total 0% Blocks RMAN: incremental datafile backup 75.47% Blocks
6.恢复进度查询：
SELECT sid, serial#, CONTEXT, sofar, totalwork, round(sofar / totalwork * 100, 2) "% Complete" FROM v$session_longops WHERE opname LIKE 'RMAN:%' AND opname NOT LIKE 'RMAN: aggregate%';
SID SERIAL# CONTEXT SOFAR TOTALWORK % Complete ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- 8 5 1 329181437312 75.27 192 31 1 281220456096 61.66
恢复完成：
SELECT sid, serial#, CONTEXT, sofar, totalwork, round(sofar / totalwork * 100, 2) "% Complete" FROM v$session_longops WHERE opname LIKE 'RMAN:%' 9 AND opname NOT LIKE 'RMAN: aggregate%'; SID SERIAL# CONTEXT SOFAR TOTALWORK % Complete ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- 8 5 1 437312437312 100 192 31 1 456096456096 100
简单备份脚本：
run
{
allocate channel C1 device type disk maxpiecesize=51200M;
allocate channel C2 device type disk maxpiecesize=51200M;
sql 'alter system switch logfile';
crosscheck archivelog all;
delete noprompt expired archivelog all;
delete noprompt archivelog until time 'sysdate-15';
backup incremental level=0 tag='db0' as compressed backupset database include current
controlfile format '/back/level0/df_%U.bak';
release channel C1;
release channel C2;
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt obsolete;
delete noprompt expired backup;
}