import json

dic = {'北京': {'丰台': {}, '海淀': {}}}
print(dic)
dic_str = json.dumps(dic,ensure_ascii=False) # 序列化过程，把字典/其他数据类型转换成字符串，
　　ensure_ascii=False，如果字典中有中文，希望写入数据中也显示中文，就要添加参数

print(dic_str)

with open('file',mode='w',encoding='utf-8') as f:
  f.write(dic_str)

import json
lst = [1,2,3,4,56]
with open('file',mode='w',encoding='utf-8') as f:
  json.dump(lst,f)

with open('file',mode='r',encoding='utf-8') as f1:
  ret = json.load(f1)
  print(ret)

import pickle
dic = {'北京':{'朝阳':'昌平'},('天津','河北'):[1,2,3]}
ret = pickle.dumps(dic)
print(ret)

str_d = pickle.loads(ret)
print(str_d)


import pickle

dic = {'北京':{'朝阳':'昌平'},('天津','河北'):[1,2,3]}
with open('file',mode='wb') as f:
  pickle.dump(dic,f)

with open('file',mode='rb') as f1:
  ret = pickle.load(f1)
  print(ret)